Moi dc dc bai nay cua anh Budsas, xin dan de doc sau va gioi thieu ban doc:
Ý nghĩa TĂNG BẢO trong quy y Tam Bảo
Khi tôi viết bài “Con đường tôi đi”, tôi nhận được nhiều phản hồi về nhận định của tôi về Tăng Bảo. Theo tôi, Tăng Bảo trong ý nghĩa “quy y Tăng bảo” (Sangham saranam gaccami) là để chỉ cộng đồng các Thánh tăng, không bao gồm phàm tăng.
Thật ra, nhận định nầy không có gì mới lạ, vì đây cũng là nhận định của một số các vị cao tăng khác. Xin đơn cử ba thí dụ:
1) Nyanatiloka Maha Thera (1952), “Buddhist Dictionary”:
... Saṅgha (lit.: 'congregation' or 'assembly'), is the name for the Community of Buddhist monks. As the third of the Three Gems or Jewels (ti-ratana, q.v.) and the Three Refuges (ti-saraṇa, q.v.), i.e. Buddha, Dhamma and Saṅgha, it applies to the ariya-saṅgha, the community of the saints, i.e. the 4 Noble Ones (ariya-puggala, q.v.), the Stream-winner, etc.
2) Bhikkhu Bodhi (1994), “Going for Refuge, Taking the Precepts”:
... For these reasons the institutional Sangha is extremely vital to the perpetuation of the Buddha's teaching. However, the order of monks is not itself the Sangha which takes the position of the third refuge. The Sangha which serves as refuge is not an institutional body but an unchartered spiritual community comprising all those who have achieved penetration of the innermost meaning of the Buddha's teaching. The Sangha-refuge is the ariyan Sangha, the noble community, made up exclusively of ariyans, person of superior spiritual stature. Its membership is not bound together by formal ecclesiastical ties but by the invisible bond of a common inward realization. The one requirement for admission is the attainment of this realization, which in itself is sufficient to grant entrance.
3) Nyanaponika Maha Thera (2006), “The Threefold Refuge”:
..."I go for refuge to the Sangha." The Sangha is (here) the community of (holy) monks which is united by the communion of right view and virtue (di.t.thi-siila sanghaatena sa.mhato' ti sangho).
That is to say: the Sangha (meant in the formula of refuge) is the group of the eight noble beings (ariya-puggala: those in possession of 1) the path of stream-entry, 2) the fruition thereof, etc.).
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